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Origin of mineral and synthetic oils and their differences

 

 

 

Origin of mineral oil
Perhaps less than two hundred years ago, no one imagined that human life would be tied to this concentrated black matter called oil until 1850, before the development of crude oil distillation, the existence of crude oil veins near wells. Water was considered a problem for the contamination of water wells.
James Curtis Booth of the Franklin Institute in the United States first discovered that crude oil could be used to break down and distill crude oil similar to whale oil, which was common at the time for lighting.
In those years, this discovery led to the use of mineral oil obtained from the distillation of crude oil to replace whale oil due to its ease of extraction and cheapness. And it did not take long for whaling in the open ocean to virtually end with declining demand for whale oil.
In practice, the acquisition of crude oil distillation technology can be called an industrial revolution, because it enabled us to produce many oil-derived products, such as greases, engine oils and industrial lubricants, and so on.

The origin of synthetic oils
Synthetic oils are the first to be processed in Germany. In this chemical process, carbon monoxide gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form a complex of hydrocarbons. This process is called the Fischer – Tropsch process. In the 1920s, Fischer and Tropez succeeded in providing a cost-effective way to produce synthetic oil products.
The difference between synthetic and mineral oils
As you know, crude oil is made up of a variety of hydrocarbon chains. In the process of oil refining, these hydrocarbon chains are broken and separated into the desired hydrocarbon chains. But in the process of synthetic oil production, because the process is completely controlled and artificial, only the formation of desirable hydrocarbon chains is allowed, and therefore the processed product has more desirable properties.
Crude oil is made up of a variety of hydrocarbon chains. Different processes will carry different amounts of each type of molecular chain, but all of them will usually exist because they all occur naturally in mineral oils. The artificial production process allows only the desired molecular chains to be created. Because different chains have different functional characteristics, the choice of oil as the base source is critical so that its main characteristics are most compatible with the intended use.
Therefore, if we need industrial oils and industrial lubricants with properties such as high viscosity index and high oxidation resistance, synthetic oils will probably provide us with better properties due to their unique processing.

Limitations of synthetic and mineral oils
Synthetic oils have a number of inherent advantages such as longer life, and the ability to withstand a wider range of temperatures and…. Are . Tolerating a wider range of temperatures for synthetic oils allows the machine to start at a lower temperature and be more stable at high temperatures. The limitation of synthetic oils is that they deteriorate rapidly in contaminated environments. For example, in an environment where rust or fine metal particles are present, synthetic oils are not able to absorb contaminants due to their highly pure molecular arrangement, which is free of radicals.
Industrial mineral oils are able to absorb contaminants to some extent due to their molecular arrangement and settle in the form of sludge. Mineral oils, such as synthetic oils, are not able to withstand a wide range of temperatures.

 

 

 

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